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Protecting Dogs in Freezing Temperatures

Jasmine — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 16:07:56 +0000

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Winter often subjects dogs to cold, ice, and chemicals, requiring owners to protect their pets by limiting their outdoor time. Use booties and coats for vulnerable animals such as small, short-haired, senior, or sick pets and protect their paws from salt. Additionally, provide warm shelter and water, and be mindful of dangerous temperatures — below 32°F is risky and below 20°F is dangerous for most. Hypothermia and frostbite are risks, so watch for shivering, anxiety, or lifted paws, and prioritize indoor exercise on harsh days.

Dogs are fine to go out for a walk on any day the high reaches 45 degrees or more, but even this cold makes some breeds uncomfortable. If the temperatures are 32 to 45 degrees, use caution if you have small, thin-coated, young, old, or sick dogs and keep your outings short. Temperatures below 20 degrees are considered dangerous for most dogs, and their risk of frostbite and hypothermia increases significantly. There are several risks involved when you take dogs outside during freezing temperatures, including hypothermia, frostbite on their ears, paws, or tail, paw pad irritation from salt or ice, and poisoning from licking de-icers.

If you need to walk your dogs during snowy or icy conditions, use caution. Limit your time outside. Keep walks short, especially in extreme cold. Protect their paws by using booties or paw balm to shield their paws from ice and salt. Wipe their paws thoroughly after each walk. Use a coat or sweater to keep short-haired and small breeds warmer. Steer clear of frozen water and chemically treated areas. Take your dogs back inside if they begin shivering, whining, slowing down, or holding up their paws.

Take care of your dogs by providing a warm place. Ensure any outdoor pets have an insulated shelter and warm bedding. Keep them hydrated by providing fresh, unfrozen water. Remember that they may need slightly more food as they burn calories to stay warm.

If you decide that it’s just too cold to go outside, provide other ways for your pet to enjoy some time with you. Use puzzle toys, training, or indoor games to provide ways for them to exercise. The extreme cold usually only lasts for a few days, and you’ll be back to going on your normal walks in no time at all.

For more information or to prepare for keeping your dog warm during the cold weather, visit your local Co-op.

Understanding Soil Test Results: What to Plan for Before Spring Planting

Jasmine — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 06:00:00 +0000

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Once soil samples are pulled and results are in, the next step is putting that information to work. Understanding soil test results allows producers to fine-tune fertilizer plans, prioritize inputs, and make confident decisions before spring planting begins. These soil samples tell a story, but only if you know how to read the results.

When reading your soil test, start with pH since everything else you apply builds off that. Soil pH measures acidity or alkalinity on a scale from 0 to 14; any value below 7 is considered acidic. pH affects nutrient availability in your soil, making certain nutrients lock up, which, in turn makes soil toxic. Depending on the crops you plan to grow, soil pH may vary, making this a critical consideration for crop placement.

For example, corn needs a pH of 6.0-6.8. If one of your fields tests at 5.5 then it would be more cost effective to plant corn there, allowing you to spread less lime. Alfalfa prefers a higher pH — around 6.8 to 7.2 — so adjustments on field placements would be useful here with the use of sulfur to lower it or lime to raise it.

This is also where micronutrients come into play. Elements like boron, copper, chlorine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, and zinc are all essential in small quantities, but their availability is strongly influenced by soil pH. For instance, high pH can limit crop access to certain micronutrients verses when pH is low, it can increase the amount of manganese and iron.

Most soil test results list micronutrient levels in parts per million (PPM) or pounds per acre, with ratings like very low, low, medium, optimum, high, or excessive. These ratings help determine which nutrients should be included in your fertilizer blends and which do not require additional input.

Another major soil need is macronutrients, phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen. A key point to remember is that your soil tests do not measure your nitrogen levels. Due to nitrogen’s mobility and complex behavior, soil tests for it are unreliable. While phosphorus and potassium develop slowly over time, you may only need to adjust these nutrients in fields showing deficiencies. Nitrogen, on the other hand, is more dynamic and often applied in-season.

Timing is just as important as rate. Some nutrients are best applied before planting, while others are more effective as side-dress or foliar applications. Using soil test data, producers can schedule applications to match crop growth stages, maximizing nutrient uptake, and minimize success.

Since no two fields are exactly alike, reviewing soil test results by field or management zone allows producers to apply nutrients more precisely. This is time consuming and might seem like a hassle, but could end up saving you hundreds of dollars on unnecessary inputs while supporting better crop performance.

Soil test results are more than just numbers; they are the roadmap for spring planting decisions. Taking the time to understand and apply this information allows producers to manage inputs responsibly. Your local Co-ops, Extension agents, and neighboring farmers can help interpret the data and create a customized fertility plan, ensuring your operation is ready for a successful planting season before the first seed goes in the ground.

Budgeting for the Farm in the New Year: Smart Winter Decisions

Jasmine — Mon, 12 Jan 2026 17:12:23 +0000

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With the start of the New Year comes the start of a new harvest season. Take the time now to build your budget for the 2026 season and set your operation up for a successful year ahead.

Forecasting your income and estimating costs is complex and sometimes overwhelming for farmers. However, budgeting remains an essential tool for identifying opportunities to save money, improve efficiency, and make informed decision throughout the year.

Start by defining your goals and objectives of your operation. A farmer with a large row crop operation might look to increase margins by 10%, reduce debt, or fund new equipment. A family, on the other hand, might set a simple goal of raising 70% of the vegetables the family needs from their small garden plot. Defined goals can provide a clear direction for all budgeting decisions.

After you have set your goals, you can then look back at your past results to make sure this goal is attainable. Review your records to understand what worked and where adjustments might be made for a better return on your crop yield.

Next, list of all your available resources, including land, equipment, labor costs, and operating capital. This will help you determine what resources are available and identify any limitations.

After finishing these steps, you can then start projecting possible yields. You can do this by using historical data, soil analyses such as soil samples, and then recommendations from others who are educated on the subject.

Forecasting prices is arguably one of the most important in the budget process. Estimating expected market prices is important for product development. Be sure to be conservative in your estimates to avoid overestimating your revenue. Then consider the possible market fluctuations, so you can be prepared for the unexpected.

A well constructed budget for the upcoming year ahead sets the foundation for a successful year. Reach out to specialists to receive help with input planning, pricing options, and expert advice.

Why Winter Is the Best Time to Pull Soil Samples in Tennessee

Jasmine — Mon, 12 Jan 2026 17:11:34 +0000

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Winter is the perfect time to dig into what’s happening below the surface of your fields. Pulling soil samples during the winter can help you plan smarter, manage inputs more efficiently, and head into spring with confidence. The fields are cleared and unused, making the soil conditions ideal for collecting accurate samples.

Your local Co-op can provide soil sample bags to get you started. When your lab results are collected, the staff at your Co-op can help you develop a nutrient management plan, identifying existing nutrients (N, P, K, micronutrients) and pH preventing over or under fertilization. Knowing exactly how much nutrients are already in the soil allows you to apply fertilizer more precisely and improve crop performance while reducing waste.

Regular soil testing helps to monitor changes in the soil quality over time. By comparing results in this way, you can make informed adjustments to fertilizer programs, irrigation practices, and management methods, such as no till farming, cover cropping, or rotational grazing. Failing to track soil health can reduce water retention, harm crop yields, and ultimately impact long-term profitability.

Since plants can only absorb so much nitrogen and phosphorus, the excess fertilizer that is not used will stay on the surface of the soil. That excess is then vulnerable to runoff when it rains.

By knowing your soil’s nutrient needs, you can simultaneously make every bag of fertilizer count. To allow you better budgeting and timing, especially if you are relying on bulk fertilizer purchases.

Early soil sampling can make for easier planning and budgeting for the upcoming year. With results in hand, you can plan fertilizer purchases strategically, taking advantage of early-season pricing and availability. Many local Co-ops offer prepaid fertilizer programs, giving farmers the ability to secure the products they need before spring demands peak.

When you take time to pull soil samples during the winter you set the foundation for a strong crop year. With accurate data in hand, you can build a fertilizer plan tailored to each field, applying nutrients efficiently, avoiding waste, and supporting both crop health and soils sustainability. Your local Co-op team is ready to help interpret your results, recommend the proper fertilizer regimen, and turn soil data into an actionable plan.

Managing Mud, Manure, and Moisture During Tennessee Winters

Jasmine — Mon, 12 Jan 2026 06:00:00 +0000

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Winter tends to bring unique challenges for farmers. Especially when it comes to managing our muddy soils, and excess of moisture in your soil. Add the heavy foot traffic your livestock, and the manure buildup can quickly turn barns, lots, and walkways into problem areas if not managed effectively.

Mud is more than just a nuisance; it can lead to a variety of different health issues for your livestock.

A few of the most common being hood rot for goats, sheep, and cattle. When your livestock give birth in muddy areas, it can increase chances of scours, and coccidiosis, and bacterial infections in the naval. Horses are vulnerable, as muddy environments can quick cause rain scald and thrush.

Some less temporary solutions you can take in protecting your livestock this winter are options creating dry “sacrifice” areas with gravel and sand, that can reduce run off, soil erosion, and help with foot traffic. Using heavy bedding such as straw or shavings in livestock shelters can go a long way in keeping your livestock dry.

Manure management is another critical consideration during wet winter conditions. Manure contains high levels of nitrogen and phosphorous, and if not properly managed, you can have contaminated wells and drinking water in no time. A good way to avoid this is to tarp your manure piles to reduce runoff and protect water quality.

Temporary solutions can also be helpful in high-traffic areas. The use of mats or round bales can minimize mud, while gutters and proper drainage can divert water away from barns and other problem areas. Implementing a rotational grazing schedule

Winter is often a difficult season for farmers creating challenges especially for livestock owners. Taking proactive steps to manage mud, manure, and moisture can help protect animal health, preserve facilities, and keep operations running smoothly throughout the colder months.

Keeping Pets and Working Animals Safe During Cold Snaps

Jasmine — Mon, 5 Jan 2026 06:00:00 +0000

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When temperatures plunge, your animal’s health should be top priority. The cold can be hard on pets and working animals, which makes winter preparedness essential to avoid weather-related health issues.

For many small-breed and short-haired pets, temperatures below 32 degrees can quickly become uncomfortable with an increased risk of frostbite if they drop below 20 degrees.

Working animals, such as horses, can also face problems during cold weather. When used or worked in temperatures below 20 degrees, horses that are not properly warmed up or cared for may be more prone to muscle stiffness, fatigue, and injury.

One of the most effective ways to protect animals during cold weather is to provide an insulated, draft-free shelter that is elevated off the ground. Shelters should include clean, dry bedding such as straw or shavings to help them retain body heat and keep the enclosure dry. Since hay traps moisture and can increase the risk of mold and respiratory issues, it is important to refrain from using it as bedding.

Frozen water is a constant headache for many farmers during the winter months. Animals are less likely to drink cold water, which can lead to dehydration. To help avoid these problems, heated water troughs and bowls are recommended for both livestock and pets to ensure they have constant access to water.

While heaters might seem helpful, they can pose a serious fire risk, especially in small or enclosed spaces. If heaters or heated pet beds are used, they should be designed specifically for animals and should be placed securely and monitored closely.

Animals also tend to burn more calories while trying to keep warm in cold weather. To keep them healthy, a change in their diet might be needed, especially if you recognize that they are starting to lose weight. To help negate the problem, we recommend either feeding them more often or switching to a higher-energy ration to help maintain their overall health throughout the winter.

Cold weather is just part of winter life in Tennessee, but a little extra preparation can go a long way. It is important to pay extra attention to your animals’ shelters, water, and nutrition this winter to help keep your pets and working animals comfortable until warmer days return.

Firewood, Heaters, and Generators: Winter Safety on the Farm

Jasmine — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 23:54:22 +0000

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Winter weather can catch anyone off guard if they aren’t prepared. As cold weather increases so does the need for supplemental heat and backup power on farms across Tennessee. Firewood, heaters, and generators play a critical role during winter; using these tools safely is just as important as having them ready when temperatures drop.

Firewood is often the most accessible heating option, but it can also be one of the most dangerous if used improperly. Fireplaces and wood-burning stoves are a leading cause of house fires during the winter months, especially if not properly maintained.

Creosote buildup can create serious fire hazards if left unchecked. A good rule of thumb is to be sure all flammable items — like furniture, curtains, and rugs — are away from any open flames and remember to store your firewood in a dry, well-ventilated area.

The use of heaters is among the safest ways to heat your home. However, it is important to keep heaters on stable, non-flammable surfaces. Proper ventilation is essential when using fuel-powered heaters, due to the chance of carbon monoxide buildup. Installing smoke detectors and carbon monoxide alarms in your home or barn can ease your mind if you are concerned.

Generators are important items to have when temperatures suddenly drop and power lines freeze, leaving you without power in fridged temperatures and putting both your family and livestock at risk.

When generators are operated, they should be placed away from enclosed spaces to prevent carbon monoxide exposure. They need regular maintenance so they can continue running without a hitch. Be sure to buy the correct fuel, store the fuel properly, and have a clear plan for emergency power. This will help ensure that your generator is ready when you need it most.

When you take time to review winter safety practices, you can prevent future accidents, protect property, and provide peace of mind throughout the colder months. A little preparation goes a long way in keeping your farm safe, warm, and running smoothly all winter long.

Using Winter Downtime to Build a Strong 2026 Crop Nutrition Plan

Jasmine — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Winter might slow things down in the field, but it doesn’t mean progress has to stop. In fact, the quieter months are the ideal time to take a closer look at crop nutrition and start building a plan that sets your 2026 crops up for success.

There are many benefits to planning ahead for the upcoming crop year. A strong crop nutrition plan or crop production budget can help maximize profitability, optimize recourse use, and reduce costs. Transforming farming from a reactive process to a proactive business.

The core of any effective nutrient strategy is the four Rs, applying the right product, at the right rate, at the right time, and in the right place. These principles improve nutrient efficiency helping to predict your future yield.

It is important to base decisions on data rather than general assumptions. Winter is an ideal time to view records and seek guidance from your local Coop Agronomist, or UT Extension agent, experts who can help interpret results and tailor recommendations to your operations.

An important step in deciding what to plan for your upcoming crop year is analyzing past performances from 2025. Reviewing your yield maps and field records can identify the consistently high or low performing areas.

For the underperforming field, soil testing might be able to provide valuable insight into nutrient deficiencies or soil quality concerns of the field.

Then using the information collected you can create a budget for the upcoming season more effectively. When you are prioritizing inputs for your budget, it is important to focus first on the most yield limiting factors. These typically fall into three categories environmental such as weather and soil, pests and disease pressure, and genetic or management practices.

In most budgets, a significant portion of crop nutrition and management expenses will be tied to weed and pest control, and fertilizer investments. Careful planning can ensure these inputs are used efficiently when growing season gets here.

Understanding seed costs and availability allows you to build a realistic budget for your crop’s nutrition and management. With a plan in place, producers can reduce unnecessary inputs, protect yield potential, and improve overall profitability.

How to Protect Your Farm From Freezing Temperatures

Jasmine — Mon, 22 Dec 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Protecting pipes, fencing, and equipment is an essential part of winter preparation for any small farm or rural property. Cold temperatures, freezing moisture, and harsh weather can cause costly damage if preventative steps aren’t taken early. A little time spent preparing now can help avoid repairs and downtime when winter weather hits.

Start with pipes and water systems, which are often the most vulnerable. Insulate exposed pipes in barns, sheds, and outdoor wash areas using foam sleeves or heat tape. Disconnect and drain hoses, and shut off water lines to areas not in regular use. If livestock waterers are part of your operation, test tank heaters and deicers before freezing temperatures arrive. Keeping water moving — either through regular use or circulating systems — also reduces the risk of freezing.

Next, turn your attention to fencing. Walk your fence lines and look for loose posts, sagging wire, or damaged gates. Frozen ground can make winter repairs difficult, so tightening wires and replacing broken insulators ahead of time is key. Trim tree limbs that could fall under the weight of ice or snow, especially near electric fences. For electric systems, check chargers and grounding rods to ensure consistent performance through wet and frozen conditions.

Farm equipment also needs protection from winter’s wear and tear. Clean and inspect tractors, implements, and tools before storing them. Remove dirt and debris that can trap moisture and cause rust. Store equipment under cover whenever possible, and use tarps or breathable covers if indoor storage is limited. Top off fluids, check antifreeze levels, and disconnect batteries on rarely used equipment to extend their life.

By taking a proactive approach to protecting pipes, fencing, and equipment, small farm owners can reduce winter damage, save on repair costs, and ensure everything is ready to go when warmer weather returns.

Winter Prep for Small Farms: Simple Steps to Stay Ahead of the Cold

Jasmine — Mon, 15 Dec 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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As temperatures dip and days get shorter, winter prep becomes one of the most important tasks for any small farm. A little planning in late fall can make the cold months smoother, safer, and far less stressful — for both people and livestock. Here are a few practical steps to help you get ready before the first hard freeze sets in.

Start by giving your infrastructure a once-over. Check barns, sheds, and coops for drafts, loose boards, or roof leaks. Even small gaps can let in cold winds that spike energy costs and stress animals. Seal cracks with weatherproof caulk, add fresh bedding, and ensure doors latch tightly. If you rely on water lines in your outbuildings, insulating pipes now can save you from frozen — or worse, burst — lines in January.

Livestock needs extra attention as winter approaches. Make sure shelters are dry, well-ventilated, and free from moisture buildup that can lead to respiratory issues. Stock up on feed and minerals while prices and availability are stable, and clean out water troughs before installing deicers or heated buckets. Hydration is just as important in winter as in summer, and frozen water is one of the most common cold weather challenges for small farms.

Equipment prep should also be on your checklist. Service tractors, sharpen snow blades, and check tire pressure before cold weather sets in. Store fuel safely and keep backup generators tested and ready. A bit of preventative maintenance now can help avoid a breakdown during a winter storm.

Finally, think ahead to pasture and field care. Rotate animals off muddy areas, lay down gravel in high-traffic paths, and consider planting cover crops to protect soil through winter.

With some smart prep, your small farm can stay productive and protected all winter long —making spring a whole lot easier when it returns.

How to Market Your Farm Locally

Jasmine — Mon, 10 Nov 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Marketing your farm products locally is one of the most effective ways to build a loyal customer base, increase sales, and strengthen your community ties. The key is to connect directly with the people who value fresh, local, and trustworthy food.

Start by identifying your target audience — families who buy fresh produce, restaurants that source local ingredients, or small stores that promote regional goods. Once you know who you’re selling to, tailor your message to highlight what makes your farm unique: freshness, sustainability, animal welfare, or heritage methods.

Farmers’ markets are one of the best places to start. They allow face-to-face interaction, sampling, and storytelling. A simple, clean display with clear pricing and your farm name builds trust. Offer business cards, flyers, or QR codes linking to your website or social media. Encourage customers to follow you for updates on seasonal products or special deals.

If you have the capacity, farm stands or CSA (Community Supported Agriculture) programs create steady income and repeat customers. With CSA subscriptions, customers pre-pay for weekly produce boxes, giving you predictable revenue and reducing waste.

Don’t overlook local partnerships. Build relationships with restaurants, bakeries, or breweries interested in farm-fresh ingredients. Offer samples and a short story about your farm’s values — chefs love authenticity.

Finally, use digital marketing to stay connected. A Facebook or Instagram page can showcase what’s in season, share photos of daily life, and promote upcoming markets. Local Facebook groups and community pages are powerful for word-of-mouth growth.

What You Can Do in the Fall to Get Ready for Winter

Jasmine — Mon, 13 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

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As summer fades and the pace of farm life begins to slow, fall offers an ideal window to take on practical and rewarding barn projects. With harvest wrapping up and cooler weather settling in, this season provides the perfect conditions for repairs, organization, and improvements that will pay off when winter arrives.

Below are several do-it-yourself barn projects well suited to the fall months.

Build or Repair Feed Storage Bins

This time of year is the right time to get feed storage in order. Constructing new wooden bins or repairing existing ones helps protect grain and seed from moisture and pests during the damp, cold months ahead. A simple design using plywood, hinges, and weatherproof sealant works well. Adding paint or chalkboard labels on the lids can keep things organized and easy to manage.

Winterize the Chicken Coop

We know several of you in Tennessee own chickens. Before the first frost, ensure that your chicken coop is ready for winter. Inspect for drafts and seal gaps while maintaining adequate ventilation. Repair broken roosts or nesting boxes and consider installing a small solar light to help maintain egg production through shorter days. Adding a removable storm door made from scrap lumber and plexiglass can provide extra warmth while still letting in natural light.

Organize the Tool Area

A well-organized tool corner makes winter work far more efficient. You don’t want to be looking for a specific object while it’s snowing outside. Take advantage of mild fall days to install a pegboard wall or construct shelving from reclaimed pallets. Tools can be hung on sturdy hooks, and smaller hardware can be stored in labeled jars or drawers. Adding rubber mats to the floor will make winter chores more comfortable and safer when the temperatures drop.

Build or Repair a Hay Feeder and Fencing

Fall is the time to inspect hay feeders and fencing before the ground freezes. Constructing a simple wooden hay feeder or repairing weak fence lines now can prevent mid-winter frustrations. Reinforcing posts, replacing damaged boards, and checking gate latches ensures that animals and supplies remain secure through the season.

Keeping Your Mums Alive This Fall

Jasmine — Mon, 6 Oct 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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There’s nothing quite like the burst of color that mums bring to porches, gardens, and front steps in the fall. Their vibrant yellows, oranges, purples, and reds feel like a celebration of the harvest season.

But too often, those pretty pots of mums you buy in September are fading and brittle before Halloween. With a little extra care, though, you can keep your mums thriving well into the season.

The first step is choosing wisely. Garden mums, sometimes called hardy mums, are your best bet if you want them to last. Florist mums, which you often see in grocery stores, are beautiful but more delicate. If you want your blooms to keep shining outdoors, go for hardy mums whenever possible.

Next, pay attention to watering. Mums are thirsty plants, and they don’t like to dry out. Check the soil daily, especially if your mums are in containers. If the top inch feels dry, give them a good drink. Be sure pots have drainage holes — soggy roots are just as harmful as dry ones.

Sunlight is another key. Place your mums where they’ll get at least six hours of sun each day. Morning light is ideal, since it dries dew quickly and keeps mildew from creeping in.

As blooms fade, don’t be afraid to pinch them off. Deadheading not only keeps plants looking fresh but also encourages more buds to open.

And finally, if you’d like your mums to return next year, consider planting them in the ground before the first hard frost. With a little mulch for protection, they can overwinter and surprise you again when autumn rolls around.

With some thoughtful watering, sunshine, and timely trimming, your mums can brighten your fall from the first pumpkin spice latte straight through Thanksgiving.

Combine Safety is Key During Harvest Season

Jasmine — Mon, 22 Sep 2025 17:52:17 +0000

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Harvest is one of the busiest and most stressful times of the year. With long days, heavy workloads, and the push to get crops in before the weather turns, it can be tempting to cut corners on combine maintenance or safety checks. But a little extra attention goes a long way in protecting both your machine and the people working around it.

The first step in keeping your combine safe is to have a routine inspection.

Before heading into the field, take time to walk around the machine, looking for fuel or oil leaks, worn belts, and buildup of residue around hot components. Crop dust and chaff are highly flammable, and when mixed with heat from the engine or bearings, they create a real fire hazard. Carrying a fire extinguisher in the cab and cleaning debris from the machine at the end of every day are simple habits that can prevent a need to call the fire department.

Operator awareness is just as critical.

Fatigue is common during harvest, and tired eyes can miss obstacles in the field or lapses in traffic safety when moving equipment on the road. Taking short breaks, staying hydrated, and avoiding late-night rushes help keep both the operator and the machine safe. If more than one person is working with the combine, clear communication is essential to prevent accidents during unloading or servicing.

Finally, proper storage at night matters. Parking on bare ground away from dry vegetation reduces the chance of fire spreading if something goes wrong. A quick check of fuel levels, lights, and tires before shutting down ensures you’re ready to roll the next day.

By treating combine safety as a priority instead of an afterthought, you not only protect a major investment but also safeguard the harvest you’ve worked on all year long.

Four Ways to Use Pumpkins Around Your Home This Fall

Jasmine — Mon, 22 Sep 2025 17:51:46 +0000

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Pumpkins can be used for lots more than just autumn décor. These hardy gourds are versatile, nutritious, and surprisingly useful around the house.

If you have an abundance of pumpkins this fall, here are some fun and practical ways to put them to good use that don’t require a pie plate.

Foods

Pumpkin flesh adds a velvety texture and mild sweetness to savory dishes. Cube it for rustic stews or puree it into a creamy soup with garlic and herbs. Roasting the pumpkin first deepens its flavor and makes peeling easier.

Another way to use pumpkins is for homemade pumpkin butter. Slow-cook pumpkin puree with apple cider, cinnamon, and nutmeg until it thickens into a rich, spiced spread. You can spread the delicious mixture on biscuits or cornbread for a cozy autumn treat.

Pumpkin seeds are also a protein-packed snack. Toss them with salt or spices and roast until crunchy. They store well and make great lunchbox add-ins.

Animal Treats

Chickens, goats, and pigs all love pumpkin. The seeds are even a natural dewormer for poultry. Just break open a pumpkin and let your animals enjoy the feast. It’s a healthy, seasonal snack.

Pumpkin is also a great flavor to add to homemade dog treats.

Outside Use

If you can’t eat them all, pumpkins make excellent compost. Their high water content breaks down quickly, enriching your compost pile with nutrients for next year’s garden.

Home Decor

In addition to carving jack-o-lanterns and placing pumpkins on the front porch, many people place hay bales, pumpkins, and dried cornstalks at their home’s outside entrance. Pumpkins can also be placed inside the home at the center of a fall display, along with fall leaves and other seasonal trinkets to usher in the new season.

How the Hummingbird Migration Will Sweep Across the Southeast

Jasmine — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Every year, one of nature’s most extraordinary journeys takes place in the skies above us: the hummingbird migration. Despite their tiny stature, these birds undertake a breathtaking voyage that can stretch hundreds or even thousands of miles. And this year’s migration is already proving to be just as remarkable as ever.

When It’s Happening

Hummingbirds typically begin their southbound migration in late summer and early fall, with the exact timing depending on the species and where they start. In 2025, sightings of ruby-throated hummingbirds have been recorded as early as August across the northern states, with peak movements occurring through September in the southeast, including right here in Tennessee.

Why They Migrate

Like other birds that fly south for the winter, hummingbirds migrate to follow the food. As flowers fade and insect populations decline in cooler northern climates, these birds head south in search of nectar-rich blooms and warmer weather. Their internal clocks, daylight length, and even changes in food supply all help trigger the instinct to move.

What’s Different This Year

Reports from birdwatchers and tracking projects suggest that this fall’s migration may be slightly earlier than average.

Many enthusiasts are noting stronger numbers at feeders, a good sign that populations remain healthy. However, an extreme weather event, like hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico, are something to keep an eye on, as they can create difficult barriers for migrating flocks.

How You Can You Help the Hummingbirds

Your participation can play a big role in conservation science.

You can help by reporting sightings to eBird or Journey North, which will help researchers track migration timing and population health.

Keep feeders up into late fall.

Hummingbirds may pass through your area weeks after the “usual” peak.

You can provide natural food. Native flowering plants like trumpet vine, cardinal flower, and salvia extend nectar sources beyond artificial feeders.

What You Can Get at Co-op

Many Co-ops carry bird feed and other supplies to attract hummingbirds so you can get a view for yourself. Head to the Co-op nearest you, and let us help.

How You Can Prepare for the First Frost Before It Gets Here

Jasmine — Mon, 8 Sep 2025 15:06:38 +0000

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The first frost marks the true change of seasons.

For gardeners, homeowners, and anyone facing chilly mornings, it’s both a warning for what is outside, but it’s an opportunity.

A little preparation before temperatures dip below freezing can protect your plants, home, and daily routine. Here’s what you should know.

For many, the garden feels the first bite of frost before anything else. Tender crops like tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, squash, and basil can be ruined by a single cold night.

To prevent losses, it helps to know your average frost date, which can be found through local extension services or frost-date maps. Harvesting tender crops early — even if they are not fully ripe — allows them to continue ripening indoors. Any plants that remain in the garden can be protected overnight with row covers, bed sheets, or frost cloths, which should be removed in the morning once temperatures rise again.

Your garden isn’t the only thing at risk when temperatures drop.

Frost can lead to costly home repairs if you’re not careful. Outdoor hoses should be drained and disconnected so water inside doesn’t freeze and burst pipes. Faucets, fountains, and exposed equipment can be protected with insulated covers or wraps.

The first frost often brings the first slick commutes of the season, and preparing your car ahead of time can make mornings less stressful. Checking fluids, including antifreeze and windshield wiper fluid, ensures that your vehicle is ready for cold weather.

The first frost doesn’t need to catch you off guard. With a little planning, harvesting what you can, protecting your plants, securing your home.

What you can get at Co-op

You can come into your local Co-op and check out products that can help your gardens, houses, and your car.

Don’t know where your Co-op is? You can visit unitedfhcoop.com look at both products and find the location nearest you.

What To Plan For Your Fall Garden Now

Christina — Thu, 14 Aug 2025 16:40:55 +0000

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That will mean rotating out what you have now and planning what you could expect to grow while the leaves fall.
What can I grow?

Fall gardens aren’t just about mums and pumpkins, although those are beautiful. Depending on your climate, you can still grow leafy greens like spinach, arugula, and lettuce.
You can also consider root crops like beets, turnips, and radishes. Broccoli, cauliflower and cabbage are also on deck, just without the sweat.

Don’t forget the flowers

Fall can see a lot of brown dirt, but don’t let your garden fade. You can put in the ground some pansies, asters, and ornamental cabbages for color well into frost. Perennials like coneflowers and sedum also shine. An added benefit is that their seed heads feed winter birds.

When do I put it in the ground?

Early August

Broccoli
Cabbage
Cauliflower
Brussels sprouts

Mid August

Collard greens
Kale
Swiss chard
Turnips
Rutabagas

Late August – Early September

Lettuce
Spinach
Mustard greens
Beets
Radishes
Pansies
Violas
Snapdragons
Ornamental cabbage and kale

What you can find at Co-op
Your family Co-op will have all types of seeds, gardening equipment and flower needs to help you grow the best garden possible. Visit our locations tab to check out which of our family of Co-ops is closest to you.

Do You Need Advice? The Fall Gardeners’ Festival Is Coming Up

Christina — Thu, 14 Aug 2025 15:12:45 +0000

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This year’s Fall Gardeners’ Festival has been planned to be bigger than those prior, with 16 scheduled presentations on Aug. 26.

The UT Gardens, Crossville — in collaboration with the Cumberland County Master Gardeners — will host the day-long event at Plateau AgResearch and Education Center.

This free event is scheduled from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., with registration beginning at 8 a.m., for those not pre-registered.

Featured at the event are educational presentations and demonstrations, workshops, wagon tours of the Plateau Center and exhibits.

The 16 tent presentations include:

• Making the Most of Your Home Greenhouse
• Tennessee Vegetable Garden Trial Favorites
• Tips and Tricks for a Successful Fall Garden
• Raised Beds and Container Gardening
• Sustainable Landscape Design
• Invasive Plants of Tennessee
• Fruit for the Home Garden
• Understanding Soil Health
• How to Grow a Cutting Garden
• Living Screens for the Landscape
• Herbs: Creative Culinary Companions
• Home Turf Advantage: Winning at Lawn Care
• Pollinator and Plant Companions of Tennessee
• Duds and Studs: Woody Ornamental Plant Selection
• Friends in the Shade: Keeping Your Hosta Company
• Garden Defenders: Beneficial Insects in Your Landscape

The first 500 attendees will receive a UT goody bag.

For more information and to register, visit the Cumberland County Master Gardeners website: ccmga.org. The festival is listed under the “programs” tab.

It’s been a historic wet year. But drier weather could be coming.

Jasmine — Mon, 28 Jul 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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After last summer’s extreme drought, Tennessee sits in much better shape this year in terms of rainfall.

The Nashville Weather Service reported this has been the second wettest year on record since 1985. The area has seen 40.6 inches, which is about 10 inches above normal, said NWS Nashville forecaster Faith Borden.

“Corn has been beautiful this year,” Borden said. “The nice thing about excessive rain is we are avoiding a flash drought. If you get a heavy rain on a flash drought, you could lose the top layer of soil. And right now, you typically have crops in the ground.”

Although Borden said farmers in the Clarksville and Montgomery County area have witnessed the most rainfall this year — almost too much.

“Poor Clarksville. They have had 45.9 inches of rain since January,” Borden said. “They are 18.6 inches of rain above normal. Poor Clarksville is about all I can say. The good news is for the month of July they are below normal. But any good thunderstorm could put them back in the excessive rain category. We’ve had a lot of fronts and moisture.”

However, there are a few exceptions to the widespread rain and summer thunderstorms.

The U.S. Drought Monitor has a handful of counties in the abnormally dry range, which is the least severe level. Blount, Claiborne, Grainger, Knox, Loudon, Monroe Counties fall into that category, according to the latest data. The remainder of the state is out of the drought monitor this summer.

Borden said the next few weeks into August could be dry, which is positive for farmers trying to get in hay and combine rows of corn crops.

“In the next three to four weeks, we are looking about normal temperatures and below precipitation,” she said. “That is per the Climate Prediction Center. They predict on average below normal rainfall. So that is the ideal time if you’re a farmer trying to get something out of the ground.”

Home Sweet Hen: How to Build Your Own Chicken Coop

Jasmine — Mon, 28 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

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Having a chicken coop might be the next step on your farm-to-table list, with fresh eggs being a motivator to get this accomplished.

But before you get out your circular saw, here are some steps you want to consider before building your own brood of hens.

Chicken math

As a planning measure, know how many chickens you have and how many square feet that will equal.

The average square footage for a chicken inside the coop is 4 square feet. The average for a chicken in the run is 10 square feet.

So if you have 10 chickens, they need at least 40 square feet inside the coop and 100 square feet in the run.

Coop construction

When constructing the coop, you’ll want to use 2x4s to create wall frames.

But you will need openings. That would be a door for access, a chicken pop door and ventilation windows.

Raise it off the ground — at least 18 inches or more — to prevent moisture buildup and deter predators.

Don’t forget about yourself as part of the construction process. Make sure to create a human-size door so you can get inside.

A key to the coop is adding ventilation near the roof to reduce ammonia build-up. It’s also recommended to consider a droppings board under the roost for easier cleanup. Use a deep litter method with pine shavings or straw for low-key maintenance.

Boxes inside the coop

Your chickens are going to want to nest and roost inside their new home.

For roosting bars, place them one to two feet off the ground with a 2x4 flat side up.

If you want nesting boxes, you will need one for every three to four hens. Make sure to place them also one to two feet off the ground.

What you can get at Co-op

The Co-op has a line of chicken food, which is what you will need to keep your hens fed and happy as part of our Co-op Feeds line. We also carry an assortment of items to keep your brood healthy.

You can visit our family of Co-ops across the state at one of our various locations.

It's Canning Time in Tennessee

Jasmine — Mon, 14 Jul 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Whether you use the vegetables or fruit grown out of your garden or buy fresh produce from the local farmers market, it’s the season to store what you have now to tide you over during winter.

Canning in the summer helps your meals still taste fresh when it’s cold outside.

Here are some tips and tricks if this is your first season to can.

Whether you use the vegetables or fruit grown out of your garden or buy fresh produce from the local farmers market, it’s the season to store what you have now to tide you over during winter.

Canning in the summer helps your meals still taste fresh when it’s cold outside.

Here are some tips and tricks if this is your first season to can.

Canning methods
There are two ways to preserve your food: using a water bath or pressure canning. The acidity of the food determines which method to use.

Water-bath canning is best for jams, jellies, pickles, tomatoes and fruit because those foods are high in acid. Make sure your water-bath canner holds enough liquid to cover jars by 1 to 2 inches and maintains a full boil.

Likewise, pressure canning is best for low-acidic vegetables like green beans, corn, and carrots.

When to can
It’s best to start the canning process within 24 hours of harvesting a veggie or fruit.

To maintain the best taste, don’t can overripe, bruised, or damaged produce.

Wash your produce thoroughly and blanche some vegetables before canning to preserve color and kill bacteria.

Make sure to use the ingredients in the recipe you’ve chosen. Don’t substitute items, particularly lemon juice, sugar, or vinegar.

Cool and store
After filling your jars and sealing, let the jars sit undisturbed for 12 to 24 hours before storing.

Double-check your seals because the lids shouldn’t flex when pressed.

It’s a good idea to label your jars with the date and what’s inside. Keep them in a cool, dark, and dry place.

Visit your local Co-op
Check your local Co-op for a selection of jar options. Our Ball® mason jars are available in different sizes and packs, ranging from 1 pint to 32 ounces. Be sure stock up on labels, lids, and paraffin wax as well so you’ll be ready to can your items soon after picking.

For canning items and more, visit your local Co-op.

Plant Now, Carve Later: How to Grow the Perfect Pumpkin Patch

Jasmine — Mon, 14 Jul 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Pumpkin planting season is upon those who wish to grow their own jack-o-lanterns or plan their large-scale operations.

Ben Gilbert — with Greenpoint Ag — knows what that is like after nearly decade of putting autumn’s chubby treasures in the ground. He owns his plot of pumpkins nestled in a blanket of green vines. He grows 100 acres in the rolling hills of East Tennessee.

“If you plant a pumpkin this week, you could harvest that pumpkin in September and the first part of October,” he said.

Depending on the seed, some pumpkins could require 15 square feet or up to 50 square feet. Planting this harvest hug in gourd form should only go a half-inch into the ground. Gilbert said it’s important to note that pumpkins don’t like super wet conditions. Pumpkins need nature’s black and yellow honeybees and require pollination to get set into motion.

“Honeybees don’t work in the rain,” he said. “You have to have bees or there’s no fruit.”

After planting pumpkins, most will start coming up within three to five days. Pumpkins pop up fast, he said.

For those just wanting a small pumpkin patch during sweater weather season at home, Gilbert said to buy a couple of different packets of seeds, including jacks. Depending on the seed, one to eight pumpkins per vine could sprout up for these orange-laced days ahead.

“Get them planted and watch them grow,” he said. “Pumpkins grow really fast, and get some well-rounded fertilizer. They may need water at times, or there may be plenty of rain where you live. Everyone wants to carve a pumpkin.”

What you can get from Co-op to help

Many types of pumpkin seeds may still be available at your local Co-op along with the fertilizer you need to give your orange crops their best shot at ultimate growth. Those fertilizers could include 15-15-15 fertilizer or 19-19-19 fertilizer.

Your local Co-op may also be available to help with taking a soil sample of where you want to grow your patch and analyze what fertilizer best fits your ground profile.

Weed control is also a must. You could go at it the old-fashioned way and pull weeds, but Gilbert recommends trusting a chemical option to help keep them away, which is also available at Co-op stores.

Taking Care of Your Garden in Excessive Heat

Jasmine — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 14:47:02 +0000

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Heading into July in Tennessee is going to be hot, with the National Weather Service warning of excessive heat in much of the state.

While all the rain has helped grow many fruits and vegetables, gardeners are going to have to keep in mind the temperatures rising into the 90s and heat indices climbing into triple digits.

This level of heat is extreme — meaning there is no overnight relief effects for cooling down the environment.

Considering this, here is what you can do to cope with these high temperatures.

When to water

It’s best to water deeply before the sun rises too high in the sky.

Give your plants and vegetables a deep water and soak at the base in the evening or early morning.

Be careful not to overwater, which could hurt leaves when they hit direct sunlight.

Mulch is like sunscreen

If your garden or flowers are in a lot of direct sunlight, mulch can serve as a salve.

Straw, grass clippings, shredded leaves, or wood chips can help keep the temperature down on the root systems.

Other options include burlap or old sheets to serve as shade.

Take care of yourself, too

No one said gardening was easy work, but don’t forget about yourself in the equation.

The National Weather Service advises to avoid being outdoors between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m.

Make sure to have a hat, water bottle, sunscreen, and shade breaks while tending to your plants and flowers.

Don’t garden midday. Do so early in the day or when the sun sets.

Prepare for next season

Tennessee is hot in the summer. Prepare for the heat ahead of time if possible and get things done early in the season or early or late in the day.

Keep a log of what worked this season and what didn't.

You can also keep a log of what heat tricks worked and which ones didn’t help.

If you need supplies for your garden or your flowers, visit your local United Farm & Home Co-op! Find a location here.

Landscaping Secrets From the Pros

Jasmine — Mon, 23 Jun 2025 15:34:46 +0000

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Very few things add more curb appeal to your house than well-planned and vibrant landscaping; however, making a big impression doesn’t have to break the bank. There are simple and cost-effective ways to add color, texture, functionality, and points of interest to your lawn, and all it takes is a little time and planning.

Evaluate your lawn’s current layout against the five suggestions provided below to determine in which areas your landscaping can be improved.

Curve your walkway

Curved walkways soften lines and create interest in your outdoor space. Although it may be too late to change the flow of your sidewalk, consider laying stepping stones in a curved path leading up to your garden or around the side of your house.

Line your walkways

Great edges define and accentuate. Use brick pavers to create a crisp, bold path, or allow your plants to overflow across the edges for a softer look. Monkey grass, Hosta, hydrangeas, or privet hedges are excellent edging plants.

Repeat plants

Repeating plants throughout your landscaping will create balance and cohesiveness. Consider filling your space with five to 10 species of perennials, three to five types of shrubs, and one to two types of trees.

Consider size and shape

A common mistake made by beginner landscapers is to plan a garden that is too small. Planting beds should be a minimum of 10 to 12 feet long but should preferably span at least half the width of the house to give the illusion of your garden wrapping around the entire perimeter of the home. Most landscapers advise that oval or kidney-shaped beds have the best aesthetic appeal.

Fill empty spaces

Are some areas of your yard rather lackluster? Fill in any empty spaces with vibrant plants and shrubs. Consider planting flowers around your mailbox and mulching around trees, and don’t be scared to incorporate yard ornaments such as old wagon wheels, vintage bicycles, galvanized metal tubs, and planters to add character to your landscaping.

Landscaping can a fun and rewarding way to express your creativity. Get localized tips for success by speaking to the knowledgeable gardeners and agronomists at your local Co-op.

For more content like this, check out the latest issue of the Cooperator.

Celebrate Pollinators on June 17

Jasmine — Mon, 9 Jun 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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The University of Tennessee Bee Campus Committee, a group comprised of UT faculty, staff, and students, in partnership with the Tennessee Valley Authority and UT Gardens, invites communities across the state to celebrate national Pollinator Week at a series of “Garden Buzz” pollinator events on June 17.

Pollinator Week is an annual celebration in support of pollinator health, initiated and managed by the Pollinator Partnership. This year’s theme is “Pollinators Weave Connections” – highlighting the essential roles pollinators play in the creation and expression of human culture, the food we enjoy, and the beauty that surrounds us. Pollinator Week is June 16-25.

Similar to UT and TVA’s collaborative Garden Buzz celebrations in previous years, the 2025 Garden Buzz celebrations will offer participants opportunities to learn more about pollinators in Tennessee through educational activities. Attendees can also learn how to start their own pollinator gardens with locally grown plants that help support a thriving ecosystem.

In 2020, UT Knoxville was recognized as an official Bee Campus. As a Bee Campus, the university is committed to promoting pollinator health and habitat conservation through its landscape management and educational opportunities. Garden Buzz is just one of the many initiatives that the UT Bee Campus Committee has planned to promote pollinator health in the Knoxville, Crossville, and Jackson communities.

“Garden Buzz is an example of the great events the University of Tennessee offers across the state through Extension, AgResearch, the Herbert College of Agriculture, and other UT Institute of Agriculture programs,” says Jennifer Tsuruda, assistant professor and coordinator of the Tennessee Master Beekeeping Program. “Whether your passion lies in pollinators, plants, or both, these events will help you support pollinators — which themselves help support Tennesseans through pollination of agricultural crops and home gardens — and the production of local honey. We encourage people to come out and take a tour of the UT Gardens to see pollinators in action, visit our educational tables, taste some delicious honey (depending on location), and take home some pollinator plants to start their own pollinator garden to support pollinators across the state.”

“It’s important for everyone to do their part in supporting habitats for our pollinator friends,” said TVA Natural Resources Program Manager Suzanne Fisher. “TVA is proud to be a steward of a variety of pollinator areas in the region and to partner with UT in equipping the public with the resources and knowledge to help advance our shared goals.”

Garden Buzz events will be held in-person at each UT Gardens location across the state. The events are free to attend. Details are as follows:

UT Gardens, Jackson – June 17, noon to 1:30 p.m. (CDT)
UT Gardens, Crossville – June 17, noon to 2:00 p.m. (CDT)
UT Gardens, Knoxville – June 17, 5:30 to 7:00 p.m. (EDT)

For more information about other Bee Campus initiatives, please visit tiny.utk.edu/bee-campus.

Learn more about TVA’s efforts to slow and reverse the decline in pollinator populations at TVA.com/pollinators.

For more content like this, check out the latest issue of The Cooperator.

Photo Caption:
Pollinators play a vital role in maintaining our ecosystems, economies and agriculture. Photo of bee in flight at the UT Gardens, Knoxville, by R. Lazarian, courtesy UTIA.

Strawberry Season Going Strong Despite Challenges

Jasmine — Mon, 26 May 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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The Tennessee Department of Agriculture reports in a May 27th release that after a growing season marked by unpredictable weather and other hurdles, Tennessee’s farmers persevered, and strawberry season is going strong statewide. You can still savor the sweet taste of spring for a few more weeks, with Tennessee strawberries available at farmers markets and at local farms.

This growing season has had a few challenges. Below-average temperatures in late March in some parts of the state put strawberry plants at risk of frost damage. Many producers used ground covers or overhead irrigation to safeguard the growing fruit.

Another obstacle for some strawberry growers was a fungus called Neopestalotiopsis. Although the fungus poses no threat to human health, it damages every part of the strawberry plant and results in lost crops.

April and May brought above-average rainfall. Muddy fields may limit pick-your-own opportunities. While weather is beyond anyone’s control, Tennessee farmers have worked hard to protect their strawberries and provide a memorable picking experience for their customers.

Consumers can find strawberry producers and pick-your-own experiences using the Pick Tennessee Products directory at www.pickTNproducts.org. Please reach out to the farm location to check availability and hours of operation before visiting.

Pick Tennessee Products is the Tennessee Department of Agriculture’s program to connect customers to local farm products. Find farms and retail stores with local products, seasonal foods, wineries, and gift baskets at www.PickTNProducts.org or with the Pick TN mobile app. Follow @PickTNProducts on Facebook and Instagram.

Pick Tennessee Products is dedicated to promoting and supporting Tennessee’s agricultural and forestry products, food, and craft items. By choosing Tennessee-made products, you’re helping to strengthen the state’s economy and preserve its rich heritage.

For more content like this, check out the latest issue of The Cooperator.

Pond Maintenance 101

Jasmine — Mon, 19 May 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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Pond maintenance requires a little bit of research before you start. Knowing the size of the pond, using proper preventative maintenance products, and properly identifying any growth are key factors in successful pond management.

When you need to treat your pond, knowing the size is essential for applying the correct dosage of all pond maintenance products.

How To Measure the Size of Your Pond

• Square or rectangle ponds – multiply length x width, then divide by 43,560

• Round ponds – multiply diameter x itself, then divide by 547,390

How to Measure Pond Depth

1. Get a long piece of PVC pipe and mark 1-foot increments on it using a waterproof marker.

2. Take depth measurements uniformly across the pond.

3. Add the measurements together and divide by the number of measurements taken.

4. This will give you the average depth in feet.

Now that you know the size of your pond, start applying preventative maintenance products in early spring as soon as the water thaws. Use Azure Blue and pond bacteria at the rate of 1 gallon per acre with an average depth of 4-6 feet deep. Both products are easy to use and set your pond up for the most success. Pour both products in and continue to use these products monthly or when color fades.

Monitor the condition of your pond as temperatures increase leading into summer. Pond algae and weeds will start to form when water temperatures increase. Before you treat, you should properly identify growth. Consult your local Co-op for resources on identifying growth.

Keep these questions in mind when trying to identify your pond weeds:

1. Where is the weed growing? Is it on the surface, under the water, or around the shoreline?

2. Is the plant rooted, or does it float freely around on the surface? You may have to pull at it to find out.

3. What color is the plant? Light green, dark green, or yellowish?

4. What is the texture and the structure of the growth? Is it a granular substance or a small leaflet floating on the surface? Does it have thick hair, slime-like film, a crunchy feeling or is it more grass like?

5. Does it have an odor that is musky, or does it have no scent at all?

6. What is the condition of your pond water? Is it extremely clear, muddy, or green?

Once growth is identified, you can use aquatic-approved algaecides, like copper sulfate, for algae control or herbicides, like Diquat and Imazamox, for submerged, floating or emerged weeds.

Visit your local Co-op for additional advice and maintenance tips for keeping your pond looking great. For more content like this, check out the latest issue of The Cooperator.

Stick the Landing

Jasmine — Mon, 5 May 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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When spraying a crop-protection product, it’s more important than ever to stick the landing. With high input costs and increasing scrutiny over off-target movement, making sure that every drop of spray hits its intended mark has never been more critical. Whether you’re applying herbicides across thousands of acres or treating pastureland, the difference between an effective application and one that drifts away usually comes down to two key factors: weather conditions — specifically temperature inversions — and the adjuvants you include in your tank mix.

Let’s start with one of the most misunderstood — yet impactful — environmental factors: the temperature inversion.

What is a temperature inversion?

Most of the time, air near the ground is warmer than the air above it. However, during a temperature inversion, a layer of cool air becomes trapped beneath a warmer layer above. This stratified air pattern — often occurring during early morning or late evening hours — can essentially “lock” spray particles in place.

Think of a fog hovering over a field or the way smoke from a fire can sometimes hang low instead of rising. That’s a temperature inversion. If you spray during these conditions, your fine droplets may never reach the target surface. Even worse, they can drift for miles in a visible (or invisible) cloud, potentially damaging neighboring crops or environments.

While inversion-related issues have been widely discussed in the context of Dicamba or 2,4-D herbicides, the truth is that any herbicide can be compromised by these atmospheric conditions. Even glyphosate, which rarely causes visual off-target damage, can be adversely affected if caught in an inversion. That means you’re losing active ingredient — and money — into thin air.

Best practices for avoiding inversions

This is really a matter of timing. To minimize risk, avoid spraying at dawn or dusk. Wait until the sun has warmed the surface layer — typically 9 or 10 a.m. — and shut things down at sunset. Pay attention to conditions like still air, dew, or fog, which can indicate an inversion is in place.

Check the boom height

Once you’re sure the conditions are right, there are mechanical issues to consider. One of those is boom height. With Dicamba, there are restrictions put in place that require a boom height of 24 inches above the crop canopy, and that’s a best practice for any crop protection product. This gives any wind less time to have an impact on the spray pattern and keeps the product on target. The sprayer operator should also pay close attention to speed — moving too fast can create wind off the sprayer itself.

Adjuvants: The unsung heroes of every tank mix

Even under perfect weather conditions, herbicide applications need help to be effective, and that’s where adjuvants come in. Think of them as the behind-the-scenes crew that ensures the stars of the show — your herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides — reach their full potential.

Products like WinField United’s InterLock® optimize droplet size for maximum deposition and minimal drift. They chemically alter the spray solution to create more uniform, heavier droplets that stay on target and resist bouncing off the leaf surface or evaporating midair.

Other formulations in the “Lock” family, including MasterLock®, PowerLock®, UltraLock®, and StrikeLock®, combine drift reduction technology with other key benefits, such as enhanced surfactant properties or compatibility with high-performance herbicides. For example, MasterLock is a go-to option for corn fungicide applications because it won’t contribute to arrested ear syndrome — a risk associated with some surfactants applied during VT-R1 growth stages.

Meanwhile, UltraLock is a great fit for growers using Enlist™ herbicide systems, offering tank mix flexibility without compromising on drift control. These adjuvants are not just extras — they are essential tools for safeguarding herbicide performance and ensuring coverage, even under challenging field conditions.

Understanding your water and weed targets

Before choosing an adjuvant, understand the composition of your water and the

biology of your target weeds. Hard water can tie up active ingredients, reducing efficacy. In these cases, conditioners like Class Act NG® help maintain herbicide performance by preventing cation interference and enhancing absorption on the leaf surface.

Similarly, for weeds with thick waxy cuticles or leaf hairs, surfactants or oils like Destiny HC® or StrikeLock® improve penetration and maximize herbicide uptake — especially under hot, dry conditions when leaf surfaces are most resistant.

In a time when every acre — and every drop — counts, don’t leave your results to chance. Visit with your local Co-op or GreenPoint Ag advisor to ensure you’re using the right adjuvants, in the right combinations, under the right conditions. Whether you’re managing pastures, row crops, or custom applications, the path to cleaner fields and better yields starts with smarter spraying.

For more content like this, check out the latest issue of The Cooperator.

Preserving Homegrown Herbs

Jasmine — Mon, 5 May 2025 06:00:00 +0000

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This spring and summer, homegrown herbs such as basil, oregano, thyme, and rosemary will be found in abundance in many gardens, producing plenty of flavor options for home chefs looking to add some pizzaz to their meal. Many gardeners might find this bounty to be more than they are able to use, but there are several easy techniques that will preserve your fresh herbs for year-round enjoyment.

Harvest your herbs after their flower buds appear but before they open to ensure you get the highest concentration of essential oils. Aromatic herbs possess more flavor when harvested earlier in the day, but you will want to wait until after the dew has evaporated if you are planning to dry the herbs.

Air-drying

Air-drying is the most common way to preserve herbs because of its ease and effectiveness. Tie the stems in a cluster and hang in a well-ventilated room away from direct sunlight. You can also spread herbs across a screen or rack and place in an area that allows good air circulation around the leaves. Store the dried herbs in an airtight container such as a jar or glass bottle and place in a dark, dry place to preserve the potency of the herbs. This method is especially good for herbs such as rosemary, thyme, and sage.

Microwave-drying

Using a microwave to dry your herbs is a speedier alternative to air-drying and can be useful in damp climates. Place individual leaves on a paper towel in the microwave and cover with another layer of paper towels. Heat the herbs in the microwave for one to three minutes, checking the leaves every 20 seconds to make sure they are drying evenly and do not need to be flipped. You will know your herbs are ready to be stored in an airtight container for later use when they are crunchy to the touch.

Freezing

Freezing is often the best way to preserve the intense flavor of certain herbs such as parsley and oregano. Simply rinse the herbs, pick the leaves from the stem, and let the leaves dry on a tray. If you freeze the leaves on the tray before storing in a Ziploc bag, the leaves will be easily separated, whereas freezing the leaves in a bag will result in a clump of herbs that can be chopped up to add to sauces and soups.

Following one of these smart, practical methods will help you to avoid wasting excess herbs this summer and allow you to enjoy their savory taste all throughout the year. For herb seeds and plants or for more helpful advice on herb gardening or preservation techniques, visit your local Co-op. Find the nearest location here.

For more content like this, check out the latest issue of The Cooperator.